The World Economic Forum’s 2018 Global Risks Report ranks both large scale cyberattacks and major data breaches or fraud among the top five most likely risks in the next decade. Though initial cyber strategies were more aspirational, in recent years these strategies are providing more secure frameworks for national cyber agendas and legal and ethical responsibilities. Over the past 10 years, national governments have been developing strategies to address emerging security threats associated with the rapidly expanding use of the Internet global network. artificial intelligence and related technologies. These threats have developed into significant national level problems that include balancing the needs of national security, Corporate competitiveness, and privacy protection. Control over national security, criminal conduct, critical infra- structures, global financial services, competitive strategy, medical records, international trade. intellectual privacy and a host of other important rights and responsibilities is governed by a paradigm that is conducted in the virtual world. Cyber activity has introduced a whole new meaning to “globalism.” Figure illustrates the challenges that governments face in adopting these strategies based on balancing the needs of the national cyber infrastructure System.

A national cyber strategy outlines a vision and articulates priorities, principles, and approaches to understanding and managing cyber risks at the national level. Failure to prioritize cybersecurity by both government and industry leave nations less secure. Cybersecurity strategies vary by country and represent different interests from a focus on protecting critical infrastructure to improving national intelligence and defense. Cyber threats include cyber warfare, economic and corporate terrorism and cyber strategies require hard choices.

The goals of security strategies vary widely as do the methods for implementation. They include: the governance Of big data and societal Interest, attack and response theory, standards for government agencies, resilience (strengthening protection), international partner- ships, research and development, and institutional re- form. Cyber security is just one pillar of most national cyber strategies.